Tempo de leitura: 11 minutos
It is the spring benefit of the most recent year, let alone the anniversary. On April 1, 2017, China’s third batch of free trade zones were listed, sounding a new round of clarification for opening up, and opening up a new round of opening up of big countries. In the past year, the third batch of China’s pilot zones for free trade has been building up. The level of trade has been continuously improved, the investment and financing environment has become more open, the cases of institutional innovation have emerged in an endless stream, and the free trade port has also become a hot topic…
The door to China’s opening will not be closed, it will only grow bigger and bigger. Today’s “Daily Economic News” launched a special edition of “One-Year Record”: A year’s history of taking stock of seven free trade areas shows that the opening of China’s open doors is a matter of fact and achievement; many authoritative experts express their opinions and insights. It is a concept and logic to demonstrate that the door to China’s opening up is getting bigger and bigger. Samples of multiple free trade zones have shown that the opening of China’s door is getting bigger and bigger, and it is an experience and a feature.
The report of the 19th National Congress pointed out that the door to China’s opening up will not be closed, but will only grow bigger and bigger. We must focus on the construction of the “One Belt and One Road”, adhere to the principle of common development and sharing, strengthen innovation and open cooperation, and form an open pattern of linkages between domestic and foreign land and sea, and east-west cooperation.
On April 1, 2017, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan, and Shaanxi Free Trade Pilot Zones were officially listed, and the “1+3+7”pattern has been formed since then. From the perspective of development orientation, the free trade areas of the 7 provinces and cities have their own characteristics and focus on each other, and seek differentiated development—Zhejiang focuses on international commodity trade, Liaoning improves the overall competitiveness of northeast old industrial bases, and Henan builds modern integrated transportation. The hub and Hubei are concerned with undertaking industrial transfer and strategic emerging industries, Sichuan’s building an inland open economic highland, Shaanxi’s emphasis on the “Belt and Road” economic cooperation and humanities exchanges, and Chongqing’s opening up of the drive to deepen the Western Development Strategy.
In the past year, the opening up of new highlands represented by the seven free trade pilot zones is on the rise of vast China. In the third batch of seven free trade zones, there are three in the west. Sichuan, Shaanxi and Chongqing, the three western provinces bordering each other, have jointly assumed the important task of “opening westward”.
One of the orientations of the Sichuan Pilot Free Trade Zone is the development and opening up of the western gateway cities. In the past year, Shuangliu Airport and Chengdu International Railway Port have used institutional dividends to promote port opening and efficiency enhancement. In order to improve the convenience of foreign trade transactions, Shuangliu Kong Kong has launched a number of reforms and innovations such as “quick clearance of goods in the area”. Chengdu International Railway Port has launched a multimodal transport “one order” in the end, achieving the “door-to-door” transport of goods “one commission, one quotations, one bill to the end, one ticket settlement.” This highly convenient “Chengdu bill of lading system” has also won recognition in the international market.
The south of the Lingang section in the junction of the “Yangtze River Economic Belt”and the “One Belt and One Road”uses the advantage of its own location in the Sichuan-Chongqing junction and the advantageous conditions of the natural harbor in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the port of Zhangzhou, and the airport in Chengdu. Corresponding to the railway port, it closely focuses on the characteristics and highlights of shipping logistics and port trade, radiates regional development, and undertakes industrial transfer along the coast. It is worth mentioning that, as a prefecture-level city, Quzhou has institutional innovations in its own free trade zone, and it is of great significance to the exploration of the development path and the search for growth kinetic energy for the large number of middle and western third-tier cities in China.
The Chongqing Free Trade Zone is positioned as an important hub for the “One Belt and One Road”and the Yangtze River Economic Belt. In one year’s practice, Chongqing inland areas took the lead in piloting cancellation of domestic sales taxation contact lists, implementing the system of classification and respecting precedents, and achieving full coverage of “7*24 hours”customs clearance security measures. The “single window” construction has also achieved preliminary results. The city has passed the “single window” customs inspection and inspection rate of over 40%; and “autonomous filing, self-determination of the write-off cycle, self-reporting, independent taxation, and simplified business approval procedures.” The regulatory model will increase the efficiency of goods entering and exiting areas by 20% and the processing time by 70%. At the same time, in the third batch of free trade trial zones, Chongqing took the lead in launching the aircraft bonded leasing business. At present, it has landed two aircraft and signed nine aircraft.
Shaanxi, which has profound cultural and historical heritage, has not forgotten cultural exchanges while using the free trade trial zone to carry out “One Belt and One Road” economic cooperation. One of the highlights is that Shaanxi Innovation Pilot Zone has experimented with the auction of bonded exhibitions outside the art area. Enterprises can only pay a customs deposit, they can conduct a display auction, according to the transaction and then pay the tariff, the unfinished exhibits do not pay tariffs and can return to the exporting country. Bonded display auctions increase the efficiency of customs clearance, greatly shorten the transportation time and reduce the cost of the company.
According to Professor Ge Shunqi, deputy director of the Institute of International Economics at Nankai University, the Free Trade Zone testifies more to “services,” “radiation,” and “brings.” It must not only do its own internal affairs but also play a role in the window and drive radiation. Role and demonstration effect. Therefore, the construction of a sound transportation and logistics system is very important for the use of radiation and leading roles in the free trade zone.
In the past year, the Henan Free Trade Experimental Zone focused on serving the “One Belt and One Road”and laid enough effort to build a modern comprehensive transportation hub. Recently, the “Belt and Road”logistics integrated service platform of Henan Pilot Free Trade Zone has been put into operation to provide “door-to-door”multimodal transport, one-stop foreign trade, modern logistics, cross-border e-commerce, finance, anti-counterfeiting, etc. Seven professional services.
In recent years, cross-border e-commerce has become a new form of e-commerce development. The development of cross-border e-commerce has put forward higher requirements for modern logistics systems. With the formal launch of the Henan National Express Delivery and Distribution Center, Zhengzhou has become one of the new international mail distribution centers following the North. Kaifeng and Luoyang International Internet Data Channels were opened for trial operation and the construction of the “Information Silk Road”laid the foundation for further international traffic and logistics channels.
The Hubei Free Trade Zone, which is also the central hub, focuses on industrial acceptance and upgrading. In order to integrate the advantageous resources, the Wuhan section of the Hubei Free Trade Zone was implemented with the construction of the valleys of Optics Valley, Yaogu, Zhigu, Jingu and Caigu. Considering that the support needed by high-tech companies in different stages of growth is not the same, Wuhan District has formulated a hierarchical classification support policy to build a “graduation system for entrepreneurship-gazelle-unicorn” and set up a special fund to support it. The “Antelope Enterprise” “Optical Valley quasi-unicorn enterprise” is gathering in the Free Trade Zone.
The Fuyang area of the Hubei Free Trade Pilot Zone has focused its development direction on the new energy automotive industry. It not only carries out accurate and targeted investment through the entire industry chain and full factor analysis, but also research and development, vehicle production and power. Key supporting areas such as batteries, core materials, inspection and testing provide financial support, sales network construction and other supporting support.
The Yichang District highlights green development and promotes the integration of industrial transformation and upgrading with international capacity cooperation. To build the “two platforms”of the Three Gorges International Land Port and Science and Technology Financial Service Center, and cooperate with Kazakhstan to build an industrial park, and to open up the railway corridors between Yichang and Moscow, Hamburg, and other cities through the cooperation of Kazakhstan and Europe to open the “One Belt, One Road”route. National Trade and Investment, Industry Cooperation and Cooperation Channel.
The Zhejiang Free Trade Zone will place all three districts in one city – Zhoushan. In the overall plan for the Zhejiang Free Trade Zone, the important demonstration portals for open ports on the sea in the eastern region, the pilot zone for the liberalization of international trade in bulk commodities, and the resource allocation base with international influence are the construction goals.
It is not difficult to find that Zhoushan has superior resources in achieving these goals. The deep-water coastline of Zhoushan is long, and the depth of the deep-water shoreline, which is more than 10 meters deep, is suitable for development. The total length of the deep-water coastline is 280 kilometers, accounting for 18.4% of the country. The port area is close to international routes and the anchorage resources are very rich. It is an ideal location for the transportation of large cargoes such as ocean ore, crude oil, and coal.
For this reason, the Zhejiang Free Trade Zone relies on the Zhoushan Islands to create an international oil trading center, an international maritime service base, an international oil storage and transportation base, an international petrochemical base, and a renminbi international demonstration zone for cross-border trade of bulk commodities.
Among them, bonded fuel oil filling “one acceptance” platform is a major feature. Currently, the approval items for oil products delivery, oil supply application, oil product verification, etc. have been implemented. One-time access to the electronic document information through the platform and the approval results can be directly fed back to the declarant.
Bai Ming, deputy director of the International Market Research Department of the Trade and Economic Cooperation Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, believes that the implementation of “one acceptance” is an important embodiment of the reform of “distribution of services” and improvement of investment facilitation. The main point of “acceptance”is to improve the efficiency of the work and reduce the burden on the company.
The Liaoning Free Trade Zone faces the old problem of rejuvenation in the northeast. The business environment in Northeast China has been criticized for a long time. How do we pass the trials in the Pilot Free Trade Zone and the reform of the “distribution service”to solve the problem of poor business environment, increase the efficiency of administrative approval, and use radiation and leading roles to upgrade the Northeast? The overall competitiveness of the industrial base and the level of opening up to the outside world are an important issue facing Liaoning Pilot Free Trade Zone.
In the past year, relying on Dalian section of Liaoning Free Trade ZoneDalian PortThere have been many useful attempts in customs clearance efficiency and administrative approval. The Dalian area has successively implemented the enterprise’s long-range self-departure system, the “three-in-one”inspection and quarantine supervision model for bonded bonded mines, the integrated recording and inspection system for the entire process of inspection and quarantine administrative law enforcement, the new model of “six changes”for inspection and quarantine clearance, and “unmanned dredger + inspection and quarantine”. The measures such as the new work model, the port vector biological intelligent management system, the whole process supervision model for inbound food quarantine, and the microwave dielectric heating quarantine and processing of log technology have further improved the customs clearance efficiency and administrative approval efficiency.
On the first anniversary of the listing, the vivid practice of China’s third batch of free trade zones is showing a new version of this opening.
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